Monday, July 19, 2010

Manali

Manali (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft), in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district, with population of approx. 30,000. The small town was the beginning of an ancient trade route to Ladakh and, from there, over the Karakoram Pass on to Yarkand and Khotan in the Tarim Basin. Manali and the surrounding area is of great significance to Indian culture and heritage as it is said to be the home of the Saptarshi, or Seven Sages. Manali is located at 32°10′N 77°06′E / 32.16°N 77.10°E / 32.16; 77.10. The town ranges in elevation from 1,800 m (5,900 ft) to, in the uppermost "Old Manali" section, 2,000 m (6,600 ft). As of 2001 India census, Manali had a population of 6265. Males constitute 64% of the population and females 36%. Manali has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female...      Read more at wikipedia...


Title
Manali is a beautiful little town in Kullu valley, which attracts a large number of tourists every year. Adventure Tours of India offers adventure tour packages to this hill station in Himachal Pradesh. Manali is at a height of 1,926 meters and is at a distance of 40 kms from Kullu. It offers many adventure sports, such as hiking, skiing and trekking and is a perfect holiday destination for those who seek adventure. Take a tour to this exciting adventure destination and enjoy an unforgettable holiday experience with Adventure Tours of India.

Facts At A Glance
Main Languages    Hindi, Himachali, English
STD Code    01901

Description
Manali is the focal point for treks and mountaineering expeditions into the Solang Valley and over the Rohtang Pass into Lahaul-Spiti. It is also the beginning of the epic two-day trans-Himalayan journey up to the cold desert town of Leh in Ladakh, connected by the Leh-Manali highway. Manali's rapid ascent as a major tourist destination has been further accelerated by the rise of terrorism in the Kashmir valley. Besides the local Kullu people, Manali is full of migrants including Lahaulis, Nepali labourers and Tibetan refugees. Manali is also one of the favourite joints of marijuana-hunters, ever since the hippie cult of the 60s.

Location
Manali, at 1,926 metres on the northern edge of the Kullu valley.

Best time to visit
April - June, September-October.

How To Get There
Nearest airport is at Bhuntar, which is at a distance of 52 kms.

The nearest narrow-gauge railhead is at Jogindernagar, which is 135 kms away. The closest broad-gauge railhead is Chandigarh (310 kms)

Taxis and buses are easily available to Manali. One can take a bus to this hill station from Shimla, Chandigarh or Delhi.

Attractions
The Tibetan Monasteries

These are built by Tibetan refugees, are not old but are attractive and are the center of a small carpet making industry. Rugs and other handicrafts are for sale .The colorful bazaar sells kullu shawls, caps and Tibetan souvenirs.

Temple of Hadimba Devi (The Supreme Sacrifice)

The temple of Hadimba devi is a lovely temple which stands as a mute tribute to the supreme artist who sacrificed the very hand with which he carved this poem in wood dedicated to the goddess of the Dhoongri temple- Hadimba Devi, wife of Bhim- one of the Pandavas. Every year in the month of May, there is a major festival here.

Vashisht Hot Sulphur Spring


About 3.2 km away from Manali bus stand across the Beas river situated at an altitude of 1982 m (6200 ft), just down below the temple are hot Sulphur Springs named as Vashisht. Nearby is a pyramidal stone temple dedicated to Vashistha.

The Mountaineering Institute


This institute is situated in Manali and provides training facilities for basic and advance climbing. It also conducts adventure sport activities.

Rohtang Pass

Rohtang pass is a gateway to Lahaul Valley. It is situated about 51 km from Manali at an altitude of 3978 m (13400 ft), on the highway of Keylong. Regular bus services are available. There is a beautiful Dashohar lake, left of the pass. The pass is open from June to September each year.

Rahalla Falls


The most enchanting Rohalla Fall is at an altitude of 2501 meters (8500 ft), and is about 4 km away from Kothi and 16 km away from Manali.

Solang Valley

This place is about 13 km from Manali and is a splendid valley between Manali and Kothi. It offers the views of glaciers and snow capped mountain peaks.

Beas Kund

The famous Beas Kund is a place where great Vyas Rishi performed "Tapa" during Mahabharata Kal. It is the source of the river Beas

History
Manali's `history' is really more myth than history. According to Hindu mythology, Manali was the home of the lawgiver Manu (after whom the town is named). Legend has it that when a flood deluged the earth, Manu and the gods were towed to dry ground by a giant fish, which was the seventh `avatar' of the god Vishnu. The area where Manu eventually found refuge was Manali.
Whether that's actually how it happened or not, Manali remained a fairly quiet place, more or less unknown to the outside world, till pretty recently. During the 20th century, the British started to frequent the town- its climate and natural beauty were equable enough- and Manali gradually began to acquire the reputation of a tourist destination. This reputation got a bit tarnished during the 1970s and 80s, however, mainly because of the discovery that marijuana grown around the town was particularly good. After two decades or so of happy-go-lucky, joint-smoking hippies, Manali's now turning into a base camp for trekkers and intrepid mountaineers. Honeymooners and families from all across India still descend on the town throughout summer, though.

Getting Around
Taxis, Buses.
 

Places To Stay
There are many luxury and budget hotels in Manali. Your stay at Manali would be easier during pea season, if you book rooms prior to your visit to Manali.
 

Wednesday, July 14, 2010

Other About Joginder Nagar


Facts At A Glance
Built In    In 1925, the enterprising Raja Joginder Sen of Mandi created an elaborate hydel power scheme near the village of Sukrahatti-with was then renamed Joginder nagar (1220 m) after him.
STD Code    +91-1908

Description
The town came into prominence in 1932 when the first hydroelectric project was constructed here. It was the only hydroelectric project in northern India which fed undivided Punjab and Delhi .

The economy of the town got a fillip in 1970 when the Bassi power house was built utilizing the tail water of the Shanan power house. The generation cost at this project is the cheapest in the country.

Soon after the completion of the project the business received a setback with the migration of thousands of workers engaged in the construction.

Jogindernagar is one of the few towns of Himachal Pradesh connected by rail. Jogindernagar is well connected with road and railway line. Once it was the biggest potato market of northern India . At that time the potato growing valleys were not linked by roads. Over 2,000 mules from the Lahaul and Spiti valleys transported potatoes from far-flung areas to Jogindernagar which was the only railhead in this part of the state. Potatoes from Mandi, Kullu and Lahaul-Spiti districts were brought here for further transportation to West Bengal .

Location
Joginder Nagar Railway Station is the terminus of narrow gauge railway line from Pathankot. This station is managed by the Kangra Valley Railways. It is located about 55 km from Mandi. Traveling through the Palampur-Joginder Nagar rail route is an unforgettable experience. Going north-west, Kangra Railway Station is the main station next to Joginder Nagar (65 km.)
Gaggal Airport is the nearest airport.

Best time to visit
The ideal time for visiting the place is during the months of May to October.

How To Get There By Air

The nearest airports are at GaggI (Kangra) and from the one at Bhuntar near Kullu the distance is 11km.

By Road

Taxis and buses to Jogindernagar are available at all major stations.

By Rail

Jogindernagar is the terminus of the narrow gauge rail track from Pathankot. It is 65 km by road from Kangra and 55 km from Mandi.

Attractions
Baijnath

23 km from Jogindernagar is this exquisite temple where Lord Shiva is worshipeed as Vaidyanath. "The Lord of Physicians". The original temple was built in 804 A.D Here king Ravana is said to have supplicated Lord Shiva for the boon of immortality.

Jhatingri

12 km from Jogindernagar is this enchanting spot atop a hill. Surrounded by a thick deodar forest, the ruins of the summer palace of the Mandi rulers is located here. And the vistas it unfolds are breath taking.

Macchiyal Lake

6 km from the Hotel Uhl is this small but enchanting lake held sacred to Machendru Devta.

Barot

40 km by road from Jogindernagar, and 12 km by the haulage trolley, Barot packs an enormous range of out door activity. The reservoir of the power project is located here, and there is a trout breeding centre-making it a wonderful place for angling. Across the river Uhl is the Nargu wild life sanctuary home to the ghoral, HImalayan black bear and a variety of pheasants.

Bassi Power House

6 km from the hotel, this forms the second phase of the Jogindernagar power generation scheme. It is an attractive picnic spot.

Bir

6 km from the hotel, this forms the second phase of the Jogindernagar power generation scheme. It is an attractive picnic spot.

History
In 1925, the enterprising Raja Joginder Sen of Mandi created an elaborate hydel power scheme near the village of Sukrahatti which was then renamed Joginder Nagar (1220m) after him. After tunneling and piping the water over several kilometers from the river Uhl to Joginder Nagar, the Shanan power house was built by a team of engineers headed by Col. Batty. Later, the HP State Electricity Board added another set of turbines at nearby Bassi.

Joginder Nagar has everything for a quite and relaxing holiday and leaves options open for trekking, fishing, sightseeing, picnics and enjoyable drives in the area.

Railway Track(0 km)

Joginder Nagar is well connected with a narrow gauge railway line, Rail Head of one of the world's still playing narrow gauge train. This railway track was built during 1926-1929 and was opened for transporting raw material for construction of Shanan Power House on April 1st, 1929. This railway line has been nominated for inclusion in UNESCO's cultural heritage list.
Proposals for extending this railway track up to Leh have been made. The proposed 460 km long railway line will pass from Joginder Nagar, Manali, Keylong, Pang and will go up to Leh. There was a steam engine which has been replaced by diesel engine. Jogindernagar-Pathankot is the longest railway line track of Himachal Pradesh.

Geography

Jogindarnagar is located at 31°59′N 76°46′E / 31.98°N 76.77°E / 31.98; 76.77. It has an average elevation of 1,010 metres (3,314 feet).


Climate

In winter the temperature can hover just above freezing point when heavy woolens are required. During summer, the climate is mild and light woolens / cottons are recommended.

Details of Temperature:-
Coldest Month- January or February (Min. Temperature upto -2˚ C)
(Mercury dips down upto -10˚C at nearby mountains)
Hottest Month- May or June (Max. Temperature upto 34˚ C)
Rainiest Month- July or August (more than 60% average rainfall in these months)
Average snowfall at nearby peaks- 200 cm
Annual Average Temperature- 20˚C

Jogindernagar is one of the rainiest places of the state. Tons of rain in monsoon season and reasonable rainfall throughout the year.


Season Details:-
Season Timings Average Temperature Range
Spring - Mid February to late March 12˚ C to 20˚C
Summer - Mid April to late June 16˚ C to 28˚C
Rainy - Late June to late September 18˚ C to 26˚C
Autumn - October to late November 16˚ C to 24˚C
Winter - Late November to mid March 08˚ C to 14˚C 


Topography, Flora & Fauna
Jogindernagar lies in between lower Himalaya and Mid Himalaya. The altitude of Jogindernagar ranges between 900 m to 2800 m. The altitude of the city is 1220 m. The weather and climate remains cool in Winter and mild and warm in summer season. JOGINDER NAGAR lies between two small Himalayan Ranges. In the North-East of city beyond Winch Camp Range lies Nargu Wild Life Sanctuary home to the ghoral, Himalayan black bear, leopard, Monal, kite, eagle, snakes, monkey, kasturi deer, wild cat, nilgai, kakkar and a variety of pheasants covering a total area of 278 sq. kilometers. The sanctuary is the home to various varieties of wild animals, pheasants, lizards and birds. Most of the area of Joginder Nagar is covered with forests, trees and locally grown crops. The nature of water is hard because of coming from high altitude peaks.

Tuesday, July 13, 2010

Joginder Nagar

he large hydro-electric project in Jogindernagar is a living tribute to man  he has harnessed and tamed the wild and roaring river for his betterment.Here an electric trolley takes the visitor up the steep,rocky face of 2,500 metres-high(8,202 ft) mountain and drops sharply on the other side to Barot,where the reservoir is located.

The railway line  goes up to the power station,the water rushing down from the reservoir at Barot in the Uhl river through penstock pipes going down nearly a thousand metres(3,280 ft). For tourists who go up to Barot by the trolley there is a comfortable rest house of the Electricity department. Barot is a beautiful place, 40 km from Jogindernagar via Ghatasani. A trout breeding centre, makes it a wonderful place for angling. Barot has all the ingredients of a retreat. Jhatingri, 5 km from Ghatasani on Barot road is another beautiful visitable place.
Bassi power station is five kilometres from Jogindernagar and next to it, is Machindar where fishing is not permitted as it is considered a sacred spot, but it is a popular as a feeding spot for fish.

Freedom Struggle 1914 to 1947


The people of the hill also participated in the freedom struggle. The highlights of the freedom movement in this tract are listed below:
Praja Mandal launched agitations against the British yoke in areas under direct British Rule.
In other princely states agitations were launched for social and political reforms. However these were directed more against the princes than against the British and as such were mere extensions of freedom movement.
The Mandi conspiracy was carried out in 1914-15 under the influence of the Gadhr party. Meetings were held in Mandi and Suket states in December 1914 and January 1915 and it was decided to murder the Superintendent and Wazir of Mandi and Suket, to loot the treasury, blow to up the bridge over Beas river. However conspirators were caught and sentenced to long terms in prison.
The Pajhota agitation in which the people of a part of Sirmour state revolted is regarded as an extension of the Quit India Movement of 1942.
Important freedom fighters of this state during this period included Dr. Y.S. Parmar, Padam Dev, Shivanand Ramaul, Purnanand, Satya Dev, Sada Ram Chandel, Daulat Ram, Thakur Hazara Singh and Pahari Gandhi Baba Kanshi Ram.
The Congress party was also active in the freedom movement in the hill state particularly in Kangra.

History of Himachal Pradesh

About 2 million years ago man lived in the foothills of Himachal Pradesh, viz in the Bangana valley of Kangra, Sirsa valley of Nalagarh and Markanda valley of Sirmour. The foothills of the state were inhabited by people from Indus valley civilization which flourished between 2250 and 1750 B.C. People of Indus valley civilization pushed the original inhabitants of Ganga plains who were known as Kolorian people towards north. They moved to the hills of Himachal Pradesh where they could live peacefully and preserve their way of life.

In the Vedas they have been referred to as Dasas, Dasyus and Nishadas while in later works they have been called Kinnars, Nagas and Yakshas. The Kols or Mundas are believed to be the original migrants to the hills of present day Himachal.

The second phase of migrants came in the form of Mongoloid people known as Bhotas and Kiratas. Later on came the third and most important wave of migrants in the form of the Aryans who left their Central Asian home. These laid the base of history and culture of Himachal Pradesh